Site Management & Layout

General

Survey Equipment & Accuracy

InstrumentUseAccuracy
Robotic Total StationBuilding layout, bolts, steel± 1 mm + 1.5 ppm
GNSS Rover (RTK)Earthwork, utilities, rough stake± 8 mm H / ± 15 mm V
Rotary LaserForm tops, grading, ceilings± 1.5 mm @ 30 m
Optical LevelBenchmarks, fdn elevations± 2.5 mm/km

Hard rule: Never use GNSS for primary building layout. Total station only for foundations, steel, anchor bolts.

Layout Tolerances

ItemTolerance
OLS control point verification≤ 5 mm between pts
Sanctuary column locations± 3 mm
Footing diagonals± 6 mm
Wall diagonals± 3 mm
GNSS session check-in/out± 15 mm H / ± 20 mm V
GNSS PDOP limit≤ 3.0 (stop if exceeded)

Layout Workflow

Daily Log Requirements

Due by 8:00 AM next business day. Missing logs = liability gap.

Field Quantity Waste Factors

MaterialWaste Factor
Concrete (slabs)3–5%
Concrete (walls/columns)8–10%
Drywall8–12%
Rebar cutting2–3%
Paint (texture & absorption)5–10%
Cut materials (lumber, tile, etc.)10%
Soil bulking factor1.15–1.30

Punch List Process

Closeout Documentation Required

Regulatory References

Critical Rules — Do Not Forget

Pro Tips